![]() ![]() sterilization laws remained in place until the 1980s.ĭavenport establishes the Eugenics Record Office at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (Graph depicting cumulative record of sterilizations in U.S. As a result, more than 60,000 persons were sterilized before these laws were overturned. By the 1930s, over 30 states had sterilization laws. Soon after Indiana passed their law, other states adopted similar legislation. During that time, approximately 2,500 people were forcibly sterilized. The Indiana law was in effect from 1907 to 1974. Each child reverts to the same life, reverts when taken out.” In his 1881 article entitled “The Tribe of Ishmael: A Study in Social Degradation,” the influential Indiana preacher Oscar McCulloch wrote, “ote the force of heredity. Under this law, women were sterilized for being deemed “feebleminded” or “promiscuous.” By the late 1800s, state officials were increasingly convinced that the social problems of crime and poverty were genetically inherited. Indiana’s law mandated sterilization of those in state institutions who were deemed “idiots” or “imbeciles,” as well as certain classes of criminals. state to pass a compulsory sterilization law. Indiana passes first sterilization law other states followĪfter previous efforts by Michigan and Pennsylvania failed, Indiana became the first U.S. Galton’s writings reflected prejudiced notions about race,Ĭlass, gender and the overwhelming power of heredity. That only “higher races” could be successful. That abstract social traits, such as intelligence, were a result of heredity. Galton believed that eugenics could control human evolution and development. The wordĮugenics would sufficiently express the idea. Influences that tend in however remote a degree to give to the more suitable races or strains of blood aīetter chance of prevailing speedily over the less suitable than they otherwise would have had. Questions of judicious mating, but which, especially in the case of man, takes cognizance of all We greatly want a brief word to express the science of improving stock, which is by no means confined to Galton first used the term in an 1883 book, “Inquiries into Human Fertility and Its Development.” “Inquiries into Human Fertility and Its Development.” Francis Galton (pictured), Charles Darwin’s cousin,ĭerived the term “eugenics” from the Greek word eugenes, meaning “good in birth” or “good in stock.” ![]() Not published in the Darwin Correspondence Project.Galton defines eugenics and gives birth to a movementįrancis Galton (pictured), Charles Darwin’s cousin, derived the term “eugenics” from the Greek wordĮugenes, meaning “good in birth” or “good in stock.” Galton first used the term in an 1883 book, It is through his writing on the topic that the phrase ‘nature versus nurture’ was popularised. Galton was electrified when he read his half-cousin’s 1859 work On the Origin of Species: while Darwin touches only fleetingly on the potential implications of exploring variation in human populations, Galton devoted much of his working life to the study of heredity and eugenics, a term he invented in 1883. Galton went on to become a regular visitor at Down House the correspondence of the two scientists contains frequent reference to their shared research interests and exchange of scientific papers. Sir Francis Galton (1822-1911) and Charles Darwin shared a grandfather in the physician and Midlands Enlightenment thinker, Erasmus Darwin (1731-1802) – the two branches of the family were not close, but the half-cousins renewed their acquaintance in adulthood after Darwin wrote in 1853 with compliments on Galton’s Narrative of an Explorer in Tropical South Africa. ![]() Your best plan will be, if you can come, will be to start from Charing X by the 5.21 train on Saturday evening, which reaches Orpington a little before 6 o’clock & I will endeavour to send a carriage to meet you’, or there are further options for travel by coach. ‘If you are disengaged will you give us the pleasure of seeing you here on Sunday the 9th. Provenance: by descent.Įxtending an invitation to visit alongside Darwin's cousin, the Victorian polymath Francis Galton. Two pages, 203 x 125mm, bifolium, headed notepaper. Darwin’) to Moseley, Down, Beckenham, Kent. ![]()
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